Checklists · Additions
Addition Foundation Discussion Preparation Checklist
Helps an owner arrive at a foundation discussion with a marked out footprint, honest observations about the building they would extend, and a clear separation between what they know and what only a qualified professional can establish.
7 sections · 42 planning prompts · educational owner-side preparation
https://www.builddesignhub.com/checklists/additions-and-conversions-planning/addition-foundation-discussion-preparation · Build Design Hub — educational planning resource. Requirements vary by project and location.
Scope
What this checklist covers
The preparation ground these prompts walk through.
- Working out which foundation topics belong with which professional, and in what order
- Describing the existing building honestly without guessing at anything below ground
- Marking the proposed footprint on the ground before any site conversation happens
- Deciding how the new floor level would relate to the one inside the house now
- Keeping a dated record of what you are told when opinions differ
Audience
Who this checklist is for
- Owners about to meet a designer or engineer for the first time about an addition
- Homeowners who have been given conflicting opinions about foundations by different people
- People extending an older property where nothing is known about what is below the walls
- Owners whose proposed footprint sits close to trees, boundaries or earlier alterations
Timing
When to use it
- Getting the photographs and site notes ready before an engineer or designer visits
- Marking out a footprint so that site discussions are about a real shape on the ground
- Writing down an explicit list of the things nobody knows yet about below ground
- Sorting foundation questions between a designer, an engineer and the local authority
- Keeping the record straight when different people say different things
Limits
When it is not sufficient
This is general planning preparation. These situations need a qualified professional, and often the relevant authority.
- Working out what the existing foundations are, which only proper investigation can show
- Deciding what foundation arrangement an addition needs, which is a design matter for others
- Judging whether cracking, movement or ground conditions are significant in any way
- Replacing a site visit, an investigation or a structural report prepared by a qualified professional
The checklist
Work through the sections
Tick the boxes on paper or on screen — nothing is stored, so print the page if you want to keep your marks.
1.Working out whose question each foundation topic is
Foundation questions get asked of whoever happens to be standing there. Sorting them first changes the quality of every answer you get.
Write down who has been engaged on this project so far and who has not, then note which foundation questions you have been asking of each of them.
Owners often discover they have been asking the person who will build about matters that belong with the person who designs.
Ask your designer early who would be responsible for designing the foundations, at what point they would become involved, and what they would need in order to start.
Left unasked, this topic surfaces only when a scheme is already drawn, which is the point at which it is most disruptive.
Foundation design is carried out by a suitably qualified professional working from their own investigation, not from anything an owner has written down.
Separate the foundation questions you are asking out of curiosity from the ones that must be answered before a scheme can sensibly be drawn.
Both kinds are worth asking, but only one kind should be holding up a decision, and the two get muddled easily.
Note whether anyone has offered you an opinion about the foundations here without having visited, and record it as conversation rather than as information.
Confident opinions travel fast among neighbours and online, and they are difficult to dislodge once someone has repeated them a few times.
An opinion offered without a site visit establishes nothing about your property and should never be relied on for a decision.
Ask what a first visit would actually look at, what it would not cover, and what would still be unknown at the end of it.
Knowing the limits of a first visit prevents you treating an initial impression as a settled conclusion.
Ask who would deal with the local authority on matters relating to the works below ground, and note the answer rather than assuming it falls to you.
Responsibility for dealing with the authority is often assumed by everybody and held by nobody.
2.Describing the existing building without guessing below ground
You can describe what stands above ground honestly and usefully. Everything under it stays on the unknown list.
Write down roughly when the property was built as far as your paperwork suggests, and label it as taken from documents rather than known for certain.
Age shapes what a professional expects to find, though a date taken from paperwork should be handed over as exactly that and nothing firmer.
Note what the outside walls appear to be built of at low level, describing plainly what you can see and saying so when a render or a paint finish hides it.
Saying you cannot tell is more useful than a confident guess, and it is a perfectly acceptable answer to give.
Record which parts of the building were clearly added later, where the join shows in the brickwork or render, and whether the roofline changes there.
An earlier addition is the most likely place for a change in what is below ground, and the join is usually visible from the garden.
Note anything you have ever been told about the foundations here, where it came from and when, including remarks made by a previous owner or a neighbour.
Second hand information is still worth passing on, provided it is handed over labelled as second hand.
Nothing said informally about foundations establishes what is actually there; a qualified professional would have to investigate.
Write an explicit list headed with the things nobody currently knows, such as depth, construction and condition below ground, and take it to the meeting.
Handing over a list of unknowns is unusual and immediately useful, because it stops assumptions being made on your behalf.
Photograph the base of the wall along the whole elevation the addition would join, both close up and stepped back, and keep the images dated.
A consistent set of photographs of the wall base gives a professional context before they arrive, and it asks nothing of you but a walk round.
3.Marking the new footprint out before anyone visits
A shape on the ground makes a site conversation concrete. It also reveals what nobody noticed on the plan.
Peg, chalk or line out the footprint you have in mind so that any conversation on site is about a real shape rather than a rough gesture towards the garden.
Everybody has a slightly different picture of where the addition goes until somebody puts it on the ground.
List what stands inside the marked area now, including paving, a shed base, an oil tank, a washing line post, a step or an inspection cover.
The contents of the footprint are the first practical constraint on any groundwork discussion, and they are all owner observable.
Note how the marked area sits in relation to the boundary features you can see, describing it as an observation rather than a statement about ownership.
Where the fence stands and where the boundary legally runs are two different things, and only one of them is visible.
Boundary positions are legal matters to confirm through your own title documents and appropriate advice, never from what is on the ground.
Photograph the marked area from an upstairs window if you can, so the shape and its relationship to the house and garden reads clearly in one image.
A view from above communicates the proposal faster than any description, and it is easy to repeat if the shape changes.
Note whether the ground within the marked area is level, sloping or stepped, which way any fall runs and whether there is a change part way across.
A slope across the footprint influences everything discussed below ground, and it can be described in plain terms by anyone standing on it.
Record how the marked area is actually used at present, since that tells everyone what would be disrupted and how much that disruption matters to you.
The area that seems empty on a plan is often where the bins, the bikes or the drying happen.
4.Planting, paving and boundaries the work would disturb
What grows and what stands near the footprint belongs in the conversation early, including anything on the other side of a boundary.
Note every tree, large shrub and mature hedge near the marked area, including any standing on a neighbouring plot, and photograph each with the house in shot.
Vegetation near a proposed footprint is one of the first things a professional asks about, and photographs answer the question faster than words.
Whether a tree is protected, and what it means for work nearby, is for the local authority and a qualified professional to address, not for you to judge.
Record any stump within reach of the footprint, or the position of a tree you know was taken down, along with roughly when it happened if anyone remembers.
A tree that is no longer there still forms part of the site history, and it is easy for nobody to mention it.
Note the driveways, paths and patios that would have to be lifted for the work, and whether any of them is the only route to the back of the property.
Losing the route to the garden matters to how everything else on site is organised, and it belongs in an early discussion.
Write down anything near the footprint that you want kept, whether a particular plant, a wall you like or a gate, and say so before work is planned around it.
Things nobody was told to keep are removed for good reasons by people doing their job properly.
Note any boundary wall or fence the new structure would come close to, who maintains it as far as you know, and what condition it is visibly in.
The condition of an old boundary wall becomes everybody's problem the moment work happens beside it.
Record whether a neighbouring garage, extension or outbuilding sits hard against the boundary near the marked area, and photograph it from your own side.
A structure on the other side of the line changes the conversation, and raising it yourself early is far less uncomfortable than hearing it later.
Work near a shared or boundary structure raises matters to confirm locally and with appropriate advice; nothing here indicates what applies to you.
5.How the new floor would sit against the one you have
The relationship between the two floor levels drives more of the below ground conversation than most owners expect.
Note how the existing internal floor sits in relation to the ground outside on that elevation, describing it as a step up, roughly level or a step down.
This plain observation frames the level discussion, and it can be made from the back door in a moment.
Decide and record whether you want the new floor flush with the existing one or whether you would accept a step between old and new space.
Households that have not decided this end up with whichever answer the construction produced, and only notice once the floor is down.
Ask what achieving a flush floor would involve given how the existing building is put together, and treat the answer as information rather than as a refusal.
The request is reasonable; what it takes to deliver it varies enormously between properties and is not something to assume.
What is possible at the junction between old and new is a matter for a qualified designer and engineer to establish on site.
Note the position of any airbrick or low level vent on the wall the addition would meet, and ask what would happen to each one.
Low level vents are easy to build over without anyone noticing, and they may be doing something that matters.
What a vent serves and what would be needed if it were affected is a question for a qualified professional, never an owner assumption.
Record how the existing threshold or door sill sits in rough owner terms at each door on that elevation, and photograph each one from outside.
Thresholds are the point where levels, drainage and weather all meet, and photographs of them are consistently useful.
Write down which existing doorway or window opening you imagine becoming the link between old and new space, and mark it clearly as a preference.
Where the two parts join affects the whole conversation, including what happens below that part of the wall.
6.Being ready for the parts nobody can know yet
Some answers only arrive once ground is opened. Prepare for that rather than being surprised by it.
Ask what would change about the scheme if the ground or the existing construction turned out to be different from what everyone expected, and who would decide.
Asking how a change would be handled, before it is needed, tells you a great deal about how a project is being run.
Ask whether any digging or investigation is likely to be proposed, who would arrange access, and what the ground would be left like afterwards.
Reinstatement after investigation is routinely unmentioned and then becomes a small disappointment in the garden.
Any investigation below ground belongs with a suitably qualified professional; do not dig alongside a wall to satisfy your own curiosity.
Note how anyone or anything would reach the marked area from the road, including gate widths in rough terms, steps, slopes and overhead wires or branches.
Access shapes what approaches are practical here, and it is entirely observable by an owner before anybody visits.
Record which decisions you are being asked to make before anything below ground has been established, and flag them plainly in the conversation.
Some of those decisions are genuinely fine to make early; naming them lets somebody tell you which ones are not.
Ask that any assumption about the ground or the existing structure be written on the drawing or the note rather than carried in somebody's head.
An assumption in writing gets revisited when new information arrives; an unwritten one quietly becomes a fact.
Ask what options normally come up when the straightforward approach is not available in a situation like this, purely so the vocabulary is familiar later.
Hearing the range of possibilities early makes a later conversation much less alarming, without committing anyone to anything.
7.Keeping the record of what you are told
Foundation conversations produce more contradictory advice than most. The record is what lets you resolve it calmly.
Keep a dated note of every conversation about foundations, who was present, what was said and what was left open at the end of it.
Notes written straight after a conversation are the only version anyone can rely on once accounts start to differ.
Ask for anything that changes the scheme to be confirmed in writing, and note when a point exists only as something somebody said on site.
Site conversations are where projects actually change direction, and they are the least well recorded part of any project.
Keep every version of a drawing with its date rather than replacing the old one, so it stays possible to see what changed and when.
Foundations get revised more than most parts of a scheme, and an undated pile of drawings makes that impossible to follow.
Where two people tell you different things about the foundations, write both down and take the difference back to them rather than choosing between them.
Choosing between professional opinions is not an owner role, and it is how a project acquires a problem nobody owns.
Resolving conflicting professional advice belongs with the professionals involved; ask them to reconcile it rather than picking the answer you prefer.
Record what each person has asked you to provide, whether you have provided it, and what is being held up while it is outstanding.
Projects stall on small items owed by the owner far more often than anyone admits afterwards.
Keep a short running list of the foundation questions that are still open, and read through it before any decision that would be difficult to change.
A visible list of open items is the simplest protection against a decision being made around a gap in the information.
Preparation
Documents and information to gather
Having these to hand usually makes the first conversation shorter and more useful.
- Any drawings, surveys or reports you already hold about the property, however old they are
- The paperwork from your purchase, including anything relating to the ground or to earlier work
- Dated photographs of the base of the wall along the elevation the addition would join
- Photographs of the marked out footprint, ideally including one taken from an upstairs window
- Notes of anything you have ever been told about the foundations, with dates and sources
- Any documents relating to earlier extensions, conversions or works carried out here
Records
Decisions to record before work begins
Write these down in your own words, with the date, so everyone is working from the same version.
- Whether you want the new floor flush with the existing one or would accept a step
- Which doorway or opening you imagine becoming the link between old and new space
- What you want kept near the footprint, including planting, walls, gates and paving
- Which decisions you are willing to make before anything below ground has been established
- Who is dealing with the local authority on matters relating to the work below ground
Professional review
Questions to discuss with qualified professionals
Bring these to the relevant qualified professional, supplier or authority. Requirements vary by project and location.
- Who would be responsible for designing the foundations here, and what would they need from me?
- What would a first visit actually look at, and what would still be unknown afterwards?
- What would change about this scheme if the ground turned out different from what is expected?
- Is any investigation likely to be proposed, who arranges it and how is the ground left afterwards?
- What does the presence of these trees and the earlier addition mean for how you would approach this?
- What would achieving a flush floor between old and new involve on a building put together like this?
- What assumptions are you currently working to, and can they be written on the drawing?
- Is there anything on site you would want marked out or cleared before you visit?
Blind spots
Commonly overlooked items
- The low level airbrick on the elevation nobody looked at before the footprint was drawn
- A stump or a removed tree that stopped being part of the story once it was cut down
- The join in the brickwork showing where an earlier addition was made
- The only route to the back of the property running straight through the working area
- Gate width, overhead wires and a step that quietly rule out how the work could be approached
- Second hand remarks about the foundations that hardened into fact through repetition
What this checklist does not do
- This checklist prepares you for a conversation about foundations; it does not describe, assess or specify any foundation arrangement.
- Nothing an owner can see from the surface establishes what is below it, and no observation recorded here removes the need for investigation by a qualified professional.
- Where advice conflicts, take the difference back to the people who gave it rather than deciding which version to build on.
- Do not dig alongside an existing wall to satisfy your own curiosity; opening ground next to a building is work for a qualified professional.
More preparation
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Inspiration
Related Ideas Library pages
Design directions to explore once the preparation is done.
Go deeper
Related Build Design Hub guides
Explanatory planning guidance behind the decisions on this page.
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